If you have diabetes, it’s especially important to take care of your feet. Diabetes can lead to two main problems that make your feet more vulnerable:
- Nerve Damage (Neuropathy): This can cause you to lose feeling in your feet, so you might not notice injuries like cuts, blisters, or pressure from tight shoes.
- Poor Circulation: This makes it harder for wounds to heal, increasing the risk of infections.
These issues mean even small foot problems can become serious. Here’s what you need to watch for and how to keep your feet healthy:
Common Foot Problems in Diabetes
- Infections and Ulcers:
Small cuts or blisters can turn into open sores (ulcers) that may not heal properly. If untreated, these can lead to severe infections, sometimes requiring surgery or amputation. - Corns and Calluses:
If your shoes don’t fit well, they can cause pressure that leads to corns or calluses. Without proper care, these can develop into ulcers. - Dry, Cracked Skin:
Diabetes can cause dry skin, which may crack and allow infections to enter. - Nail Problems:
Conditions like ingrown toenails and fungal infections can go unnoticed due to reduced feeling in your feet, potentially leading to serious complications. - Foot Deformities (Hammertoes, Bunions, Charcot Foot):
Nerve and muscle damage can change the shape of your foot. If untreated, these deformities can cause ulcers or fractures. - Poor Blood Flow:
Narrowed blood vessels in your legs and feet make it harder for wounds to heal, and in severe cases, can lead to tissue death.
How Your Surgeon Can Help
A foot and ankle specialist can treat wounds, improve circulation, and prevent serious complications. Modern surgical techniques, including wound-healing technologies and joint reconstruction, can often save feet and legs. Regular checkups and early treatment are crucial.
Steps You Can Take to Protect Your Feet
Your actions play a big role in preventing complications. Follow these tips:
- Check Your Feet Daily:
Look for cuts, redness, swelling, or changes in your nails or skin. If you can’t see your feet clearly, ask someone to help. - Don’t Ignore Pain:
Leg pain at rest or after light activity could signal blocked blood flow. Get it checked immediately. - Trim Nails Carefully:
If your toenails are thick, hard, or you have nerve damage, have a professional trim them. - Avoid DIY Treatments:
Never cut corns or calluses yourself or use medicated pads. See a specialist instead. - Protect Your Feet:
Don’t go barefoot, even at home. Wear well-fitting shoes and socks. Always check your shoes for sharp objects before putting them on. - Test Your Circulation and Feeling:
Regular checkups with your foot specialist can detect problems early.
When Amputation May Be Necessary
Despite your best efforts, there are times when removing infected tissue or part of a limb is the only way to save your life or prevent further complications. Early care and regular checkups can help avoid this.
By being proactive and working with your healthcare team, you can lower your risk of serious foot problems and keep your feet healthy. If you notice any changes or problems, contact your foot specialist right away!